Namespaces

Ruby uses the concept of namespace in boundling related modules, classes, and constants together [1].

namespaces.rb

module RealCar
  class Car
    def to_s
      "I am a four-wheel sedan. Vroom..." 
    end
  end
end

module MyCar
  class Car
    def to_s
      "I am a transformer from Cybertron! VROOM!"
    end
  end
end

puts RealCar::Car.new.to_s
puts MyCar::Car.new.to_s

Source code: https://github.com/yc015/Ruby-Inspect/blob/main/src/namespaces.rb

The codes above will print:

I am a four-wheel sedan. Vroom...
I am a transformer from Cybertron! VROOM!

We specify which Car class is instantiated by specifying the class’s namespace.

Reference:
[1] https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/namespaces-in-ruby/ Namespaces in Ruby - GeeksforGeeks